Estimation of grade Gold in khooni deposit using the behavior of gold, Arsenic and Antimony elements by clustering k-means method.

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Abstract

Summary
Khooni exploratory area is located at 270 kilometers of Esfahan, and belongs to Central Iran geological zone. According to some instances expressing gold mineral forming in this area, make reconnaissance of favorable area as an essential fact. A well-known algorithm of clustering is K-Means by which the data are divided into K clusters on the basis of distance. In this analysis, using the K-Means method to classify the sampling of khooni district for Gold, Arsenic and Antimony elements. The optimal K value was determined and then the data were clustered and the behavioral characteristics were analyzed, and at the end relationships and equations with correlation coefficients were identified and the grade of gold were estimated based on four parameters Arsenic, Antimony content; length and width of the sampling points.
 
Introduction
There are many methods to estimate the grade because of mining projects have high dependency to determine the tonnage accurately. One of the new methods of estimating the grade is clustering. Thus, it is necessary to find information about the relationships and behavior elements of Gold, Arsenic and Antimony to each other. in this area to determine the extent of the geochemical halo and to identify favorable area as well as estimation.
 
Methodology and Approaches
In this study fordetermination the behavior of the mentioned elements, the famous and efficient method of K-Means, which is one of the clustering methods, are used, that is based on minimizing total of Euclidean distance from the center each class. For this purpose, the quality function and silhouette criterion have been used to determine the optimal number of clusters. All data ranged the number of classes from k=3 to k=10 and afterwards the optimumnumber of clusters were selected by mentioned methods. At the end, according to the Center of clusters, the equation for estimating the grade of gold is provided. In this study, MATLAB and SPSS software are used to achieve results.
 
Results and Conclusions
The relationship of gold, arsenic and antimony according to length and width of the sampling points were determined for estimation grade of gold, Results showed that clustering with k=5 in case of Au, As and Sb were better than other classes number in each case. Obtained equation for estimating grade of gold element based on four parameters Arsenic, Antimony content; length and width of the sampling points, is  and the correlation coefficient 73% is reported. Also to evaluate the accuracy of the estimator, the results were validated. Estimated gold element values almost match with actual values of gold element that represents the accuracy of the used method.

Highlights

  1. Introducing a method for estimating the grade
  2. Investigating the role of K-means
  3. Investigating the role of associated elements
  4. Investigating the behavior of gold, antimony and arsenic elements

 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 July 2015
  • Revise Date: 11 February 2016
  • Accept Date: 02 March 2016

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